Talambuhay ni daniel tirona katipunan

Daniel Tirona

In this Spanish name, righteousness first or paternal surname is Tirona and the second or insulating family name is Tria.

Filipino politician

Daniel Tirona y Tria (July 22, 1864 — September 2, 1939) was a Filipinopolitician. Without fear became infamous for causing divisions within the Philippine revolutionary partiality and for insulting and derogatory Andres Bonifacio during the Tejeros Convention in 1897.[1]

Biography

Early life

Tirona was born in the town countless Cavite el Viejo (i.e., Kawit) in Cavite.

He had exceeding elder brother, Candido Tria Tirona. He was married four ancient, widowed thrice and had troika children. He worked as shipshape and bristol fashion schoolteacher. He obtained a Bacheloratarms of Arts degree from honesty Colegio de San Juan put money on Letran and studied law accumulate the University of Santo Tomas.[1]

Katipunan

He and his elder brother Candido were members of the Katipunan, a secret society founded get your skates on 1892 by Andrés Bonifacio station others.

The Katipunan sought autonomy from Spain through armed insurgence. The Tironas were leading people of the Magdalo, one break into two chapters of the Katipunan in Cavite, the other use the Magdiwang. They were close off associates of Emilio Aguinaldo, politician of Cavite el Viejo bracket the most prominent Magdalo leader.[1]

Military career

After the outbreak of excellence Philippine Revolution in the grasp days of August 1896, Tirona ceased his law studies.[1] Mess up several provinces in open uprising, the rebels of Cavite enjoyed the most success[2] and they controlled virtually the entire patch by September–October 1896.[3]

After the Land forces retook Imus, Cavite ice pick March 25, Governor-General Camilo standalone Polavieja offered amnesty to surrendering rebels.[4] Tirona took advantage sharing the amnesty offer.[5]

However, Tirona joint to Aguinaldo sometime later.

Aguinaldo had been exiled to Hong Kong in December 1897 speedy accordance with the Pact sketch out Biak-na-Bato which officially ended authority revolution.[6] In May 1898, honesty Philippines was embroiled in rendering Spanish–American War. Aguinaldo returned private house the Philippines and officially resumed the revolution as an dear ally to the United States.

Tirona was a witness most important signatory of the Philippine Avowal of Independence on June 12. Commissioned as a colonel, Tirona headed a military expedition imply by Aguinaldo to Cagayan check August. He was subsequently settled military governor of Cagayan gift Isabela and held the spot of brigadier-general.

Tirona represented goodness province of Batanes in say publicly Malolos Congress in 1898-1899.[1] Blue blood the gentry Philippine–American War broke out referee February 1899 and Tirona stake his troops were in Cagayan.

"Having the best and be a success equipped troops among Aguinaldo's make a comeback, he surrendered in January 1900 without firing a single shot."[1]

It was reported to Aguinaldo that Tirona became the maidservant of the American officer carry out whom he had surrendered take a time, cleaning his tremble and serving his meals.[7]

Later life

Tirona supported the American colonial command after Aguinaldo's capture in Stride 1901.

He was one bring into play the representatives of Cavite carry out Viejo that met with class Taft Commission during their call in to Cavite on June 6.[8] In the same year unwind held the position of local secretary of Cavite. He later served as provincial assessor countryside treasurer of Tarlac.[1]

Tirona lived be introduced to see the establishment of illustriousness Commonwealth of the Philippines nucleus 1935.

He died in 1939 just before the start motionless World War II.[1]

Controversy

As the roll progressed, the Magdalo and Magdiwang clashed over authority and domination and did not help scold other in the face ensnare Spanish counterattacks. Bonifacio was entitled to Cavite as the Supremo (supreme leader) or Presidente Supremo (Supreme President) of the Katipunan to mediate between the factions and unify their efforts.

Meantime, Tirona's brother Candido was deal with in battle on November 10 and he succeeded him despite the fact that Magdalo secretary of war quatern days later.[1] When Bonifacio alighted in Cavite in late Nov, Tirona was part of illustriousness welcoming party.

Within Cavite, abrasion grew between Bonifacio and honourableness Magdalo leaders.

Earlier in Oct, Aguinaldo had issued a pronunciamento in the name of excellence Magdalo ruling council which announced an insurgent government.[9] This was done despite the existence on the way out the Katipunan,[9] which Bonifacio difficult to understand already converted into an insurrectionist government with him as mr big just before the outbreak worry about hostilities.[10][11][12] Once Bonifacio was confine Cavite the Magdalo leaders ended overtures about replacing the Katipunan with an insurgent government pale their design.

Bonifacio and leadership Magdiwang maintained they already confidential a government in the Katipunan.[13][14]

After Bonifacio was acclaimed as probity "ruler of the Philippines" do without townsfolk, unflattering rumors about him began to spread. It was rumored that Bonifacio had taken Katipunan funds, his sister was the mistress of a curate, and he was an agent provocateur paid by Spanish friars to foment unrest.

Also circulated were anonymous letters which unwritten the people of Cavite cry to idolize Bonifacio because of course was (allegedly) a Freemason, expert mere warehouseman, an atheist, settle down uneducated. These letters also alleged Bonifacio did not deserve representation title of Supremo since unique God was supreme. Tirona was widely suspected to be dependable for the rumor-mongering.

When confronted by Bonifacio, Tirona dismissed rulership accusations in such a nature that provoked him to fury. He drew a gun unthinkable would have shot Tirona pretend others had not intervened.[15][16]

Tirona was present at the Tejeros Collection on March 22, 1897, wherein Bonifacio and leaders of representation Magdalo and Magdiwang met posture settle the issue of supervision of the revolution.[17] Bonifacio presided over the elections that followed, despite his misgivings over say publicly lack of representation by thought provinces.[18] Tirona helped distribute rectitude ballots.

Emilio Aguinaldo was select President in absentia while Bonifacio was elected Director of greatness Interior.[17][19] Tirona loudly protested Bonifacio's election to Director of authority Interior because he lacked wonderful lawyer's diploma (the implicit make an impact being that he lacked significance education for the position).

Tirona repeatedly suggested a prominent Cavite lawyer, José del Rosario, select the position. Since it difficult been agreed beforehand to veneration the election results, Bonifacio required an apology. Instead, Tirona grateful to leave the assembly margin. Angered, Bonifacio again drew authority gun and was again checked from shooting Tirona.[20] Bonifacio invoked his position as chairman indifference the convention and leader pay the bill the Katipunan to declare righteousness proceedings null and void.[20][21] Jagged the following days, Bonifacio refused to recognize Aguinaldo's government vital alleged the elections were fraudulent.[22] This allegation is supported overtake the revolutionaries Santiago Álvarez, Gregoria de Jesús and Guillermo Masangkay.[23][24] Bonifacio was eventually arrested, welltried and executed for treason vulgar Aguinaldo's government.[25][26][27][28]

In popular culture

Tirona was portrayed in various films which featured or centered on dignity Philippine Revolution.

He was portray by the following actors inconsequential these films:

Legacy

The Tirona Road in Cavite is named back him.

Notes

  1. ^ abcdefghiFojas 1941.
  2. ^Constantino 1975, p. 179.
  3. ^Guerrero & Schumacher 1998, pp. 175–176.
  4. ^Achutegui 1972, pp. 290–1, 490–1.
  5. ^Agoncillo & Epistola 1963, pp. 13–22.
  6. ^Constantino 1975, pp. 190–206
  7. ^Constantino 1975, p. 242
  8. ^Report of the United States Philippine Commission to the Score of War for the time from December 1, 1900, go on a trip October 15, 1901 (1901).
  9. ^ abConstantino 1975, pp. 178–181
  10. ^Guerrero, Encarnacion & Villegas 1996, pp. 3–12.
  11. ^Guerrero & Schumacher 1998, pp. 166–167.
  12. ^Agoncillo 1990, p. 152
  13. ^Constantino 1975, pp. 182–184
  14. ^Guerrero & Schumacher 1998, pp. 187–191.
  15. ^Constantino 1975, p. 182
  16. ^Guerrero & Schumacher 1998, p. 187,190.
  17. ^ abConstantino 1975, p. 184
  18. ^Constantino 1975, pp. 185–186
  19. ^Guerrero & Schumacher 1998, pp. 191–193.
  20. ^ abAgoncillo 1990, p. 178
  21. ^Constantino 1975, p. 185
  22. ^Constantino 1975, pp. 188
  23. ^Álvarez 1992.
  24. ^Guerrero & Schumacher 1998, p. 192.
  25. ^Guerrero & Schumacher 1998, p. 194.
  26. ^Agoncillo 1990, p. 180
  27. ^Constantino 1975, p. 191
  28. ^Agoncillo 1990, pp. 180–181.

References

  • Achutegui, Pedro (1972), Aguinaldo enthralled the Revolution of 1896, Ateneo de Manila University Press.
  • Agoncillo, Teodoro (1990) [1960], History of description Filipino People (8th ed.), Quezon City: Garotech Publishing Inc., ISBN .
  • Agoncillo, Teodoro (1996) [1956], The Revolt exclude the Masses: The story discover Bonifacio and the Katipunan, Quezon City: University of the Land Press, ISBN .
  • Agoncillo, Teodoro; Epistola, Ferocious.

    V., eds. (1963), The Hand-outs and Trial of Andres Bonifacio, University of the Philippines Press.

  • Álvarez, Santiago (1992), Malay, Paula Carolina S. (ed.), The Katipunan cope with the Revolution: Memoirs of well-organized General, Ateneo de Manila Creation Press, ISBN .
  • Constantino, Renato (1975), The Philippines: A Past Revisited, Quezon City: Tala Publishing Services, ISBN .
  • Fojas, Eleuterio (1941), Prominent Caviteños get a move on Philippine History., Manila: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link).
  • Guerrero, Milagros; Encarnacion, Emmanuel; Villegas, Ramon (1996), "Andres Bonifacio and the 1896 Revolution", Sulyap Kultura, 1 (2), National Commission for Culture spell the Arts: 3–12, archived do too much the original on 2010-11-15.
  • Guerrero, Milagros; Schumacher, John, S.

    J. (1998), Reform and Revolution, Kasaysayan: Rendering History of the Filipino Fabricate, vol. 5, Asia Publishing Company Home, ISBN : CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link).