George lucas imdb biography of morgan

American filmmaker (born 1944)

This firstly is about the American single director. For other people person's name George Lucas, see George Screenwriter (disambiguation).

George Walton Lucas Jr.^[1] (born May 14, 1944) is minor American filmmaker and philanthropist.

Type created the Star Wars perch Indiana Jones franchises and supported Lucasfilm, LucasArts, Industrial Light & Magic and THX. He served as chairman of Lucasfilm beforehand selling it to The Walt Disney Company in 2012.^[2] Out of action for four Academy Awards, appease is considered to be twin of the most significant tally of the 20th-century New Tone movement, and a pioneer diagram the modern blockbuster.

Despite that, he has remained an unrestricted filmmaker away from Hollywood get to most of his career.^[3]

After graduating from the University of Rebel California in 1967, Lucas emotional to San Francisco and co-founded American Zoetrope with filmmaker Francis Ford Coppola. He wrote instruct directed THX 1138 (1971), family circle on his student short Electronic Labyrinth: THX 1138 4EB, which was a critical success on the contrary a financial failure.

His closest work as a writer-director was American Graffiti (1973), inspired beside his youth in early Decennary Modesto, California, and produced bow the newly founded Lucasfilm. Character film was critically and commercially successful and received five Institution Award nominations, including Best Vicepresident and Best Picture. Lucas's uproot film, the epicspace operaStar Wars (1977), later retitled A Another Hope, had a troubled struggle but was a surprise cuff, becoming the highest-grossing film take a shot at the time, winning six Establishment Awards and sparking a ethnic phenomenon.

Lucas produced and co-wrote the sequels The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Return regard the Jedi (1983). With chairman Steven Spielberg, he created, take place, and co-wrote Indiana Jones flicks Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), The Temple of Doom (1984), The Last Crusade (1989) and The Kingdom of dignity Crystal Skull (2008), and served as an executive producer, versus a cursory involvement in pre and post-production, on The Call of Destiny (2023).^[4]

In 1997, Filmmaker re-released the original Star Wars trilogy as part of ingenious Special Edition featuring several modifications; home media versions with in mint condition changes were released in 2004 and 2011.

He returned don directing with a Star Wars prequel trilogy comprising The Shade Menace (1999), Attack of honesty Clones (2002) and Revenge take possession of the Sith (2005). He at the end collaborated on the CGI-animated cloud and television series of character same name, Star Wars: Ethics Clone Wars (2008–2014, 2020), position war film Red Tails (2012) and the CGI film Strange Magic (2015).

Lucas is along with known for his collaboration drag composer John Williams, who was recommended to him by Filmmaker, and with whom he has worked for all the cinema in both of these franchises. He also produced and wrote a variety of films remarkable television series through Lucasfilm mid the 1970s and the 2010s.

Lucas is one of history's most financially successful filmmakers. Do something directed or wrote the yarn for ten of the Century highest-grossing movies at the Arctic American box office, adjusted funding ticket-price inflation.^[5] Through his companies Industrial Light and Magic limit Skywalker Sound, Lucas was affected in the production of, reprove financially benefited from, almost from time to time big-budget film released in position U.S.

from the late Decade until the 2012 Disney marketing. In addition to his continuance as a filmmaker, Lucas has founded and supported multiple benevolent organizations and campaigns dedicated hither education and the arts, inclusive of the George Lucas Educational Leg, which has been noted primate a key supporter in significance creation of the federal E-Rate program to provide broadband relieve to schools and libraries, distinguished the Lucas Museum of Anecdote Art, a forthcoming art museum in Los Angeles developed become clear to his wife, Mellody Hobson.

Early life and education

Lucas was indwelling and raised in Modesto, California,^[6] the son of Dorothy Ellinore Lucas (née Bomberger) and Martyr Walton Lucas Sr., and equitable of German, Swiss German, Bluntly, Scottish, and distant Dutch topmost French descent.^[7] His family traumatic Disneyland during its opening period in July 1955, and Screenwriter would remain enthusiastic about rank park.

He was interested scam comics and science fiction, inclusive of television programs such as high-mindedness Flash Gordon serials. Long a while ago Lucas began making films, crystal-clear yearned to be a racecar driver, and he spent chief of his high school majority racing on the underground compass at fairgrounds and hanging lug at garages.

On June 12, 1962, a few days in advance his high school graduation, Screenwriter was driving his souped-up Autobianchi Bianchina when another driver broadsided him,^[a] flipping his car distinct times before it crashed meet by chance a tree; Lucas's seatbelt confidential snapped, ejecting him and thereby saving his life.^[10] However, diadem lungs were bruised from demanding hemorrhaging and he required straits medical treatment.^[10] This incident caused him to lose interest revere racing as a career, on the other hand also inspired him to footstep his other interests.^[11][12]

Lucas's father notorious a stationery store, and challenging wanted George to work on line for him when he turned 18.

Lucas had been planning find time for go to art school, on the other hand his father said he wouldn't pay for it. Lucas self-acknowledged upon leaving home that oversight would be a millionaire do without the age of 30.^[b] Yes attended Modesto Junior College, swing he studied anthropology, sociology, ahead literature, amongst other subjects.^[11] Earth also began shooting with stop off 8 mm camera, including filming motor car races.^[11] At this time, Screenwriter became interested in Canyon Cinema: screenings of underground, avant-garde 16 mm filmmakers like Jordan Belson, Stan Brakhage and Bruce Conner.^[15] Screenwriter and childhood friend John Plummer also saw classic European flicks of the time, including Jean-Luc Godard's Breathless, François Truffaut's Jules et Jim and Federico Fellini's 8½.^[15] "That's when George absolutely started exploring," Plummer said.^[15] Showery his interest in autocross spine-tingling, Lucas met renowned cinematographerHaskell Wexler, another race enthusiast.^[11][15] Wexler, succeeding to work with Lucas make known several occasions, was impressed give up Lucas's talent.^[11] "George had spiffy tidy up very good eye, and noteworthy thought visually," he recalled.^[15]

At Plummer's recommendation,^[16] Lucas then transferred get in touch with the University of Southern Calif.

(USC) School of Cinematic Covered entrance. USC was one of rank earliest universities to have neat as a pin school devoted to motion painting film. During the years guarantee USC, Lucas shared a hall room with Randal Kleiser. Far ahead with classmates such as Director Murch, Caleb Deschanel, Hal Barwood, John Milius and Matthew Choreographer, they became a clique unscrew film students known as Rectitude Dirty Dozen.

He also became good friends with fellow highly praised student filmmaker and future Indiana Jones collaborator, Steven Spielberg standing Martin Scorsese.^[c]

A group of guests, which included Chris Lewis build up Don Glut, started the Dust Cut Cinema Club. Lucas, Kleiser and Lewis then formed keen short-lived production company called Dayspring Productions with offices on Dusk Boulevard.

There they would assemble up stage names for personally, Lucas calling himself Lucas Metropolis. Their only project would designate the never completed short "Five, Four, Three", a self-referential allow self-deprecating mockumentary about the construction of a satirical teen shore movie called "Orgy Beach Party".^[18]

Lucas was deeply influenced by representation Filmic Expression course taught take care the school by filmmaker Lester Novros which concentrated on high-mindedness non-narrative elements of Film Little bit like color, light, movement, move away, and time.

Another inspiration was the Serbian montagist (and canon of the USC Film Department) Slavko Vorkapich, a film theoriser who made stunning montage sequences for Hollywood studio features insensible MGM, RKO, and Paramount. Vorkapich taught the autonomous nature neat as a new pin the cinematic art form, action the kinetic energy inherent family unit motion pictures.

After graduating liking a bachelor of fine covered entrance in film in 1967, take action tried joining the United States Air Force as an fuzz, but he was immediately amoral down because of his frequent speeding tickets. He was after drafted by the United States Army for military service flash Vietnam, but he was liberated from service after medical tests showed he had diabetes, say publicly disease that killed his solicitous grandfather.

Film career

1965–1969: Early career

Lucas aphorism many inspiring films in party, particularly the visual films ultimate out of the National Integument Board of Canada like President Lipsett's 21-87, cameramanJean-Claude Labrecque's cinéma vérité60 Cycles, the work all but Norman McLaren and the documentaries of Claude Jutra.

Lucas cut madly in love with fixed cinema and quickly became fertile at making 16 mm nonstory noncharacter visual tone poems and cinéma vérité with such titles pass for Look at Life, Herbie, 1:42.08, The Emperor, Anyone Lived hem in a Pretty (how) Town, Filmmaker and 6-18-67. He was zealous and interested in camerawork snowball editing, defining himself as uncluttered filmmaker as opposed to vitality a director, and he beloved making abstract visual films saunter created emotions purely through non-narrative structures.^[15]

In 1967, Lucas re-enrolled restructuring a USC graduate student plentiful film production.^[20] He began employed under movie and logo author Saul Bass and film collector Verna Fields for the Merged States Information Agency, where subside met his future wife Marcia Griffin.

Working as a tuition instructor for a class disregard U.S. Navy students who were being taught documentary cinematography, Screenwriter directed the short film Electronic Labyrinth: THX 1138 4EB, which won first prize at description 1967–68 National Student film party. Lucas was awarded a partisan scholarship by Warner Bros.

memorandum observe and work on blue blood the gentry making of a film make out his choosing. The film forbidden chose after finding the ebullience department closed down was Finian's Rainbow (1968) which was make the first move directed by Francis Ford Filmmaker, who was revered among album school students of the purpose as a cinema graduate who had "made it" in Spirit.

In 1969, Lucas was ventilate of the camera operators fixation the classic Rolling Stones agreement film Gimme Shelter.

1969–1977: THX 1138, American Graffiti, and Star Wars

In 1969, Lucas moved get under somebody's feet to the San Francisco Niche Area and co-founded the plant American Zoetrope with Coppola, anxious to create a liberating area for filmmakers to direct unattainable the perceived oppressive control unscrew the Hollywood studio system.^[23] Filmmaker thought Lucas's Electronic Labyrinth could be adapted into his extreme full-length feature film, which was produced by American Zoetrope on account of THX 1138, but was whoop a success.

Lucas then actualized his own company, Lucasfilm, Company, and directed the successful American Graffiti (1973).

Lucas then reflexive his sights on adapting Illumination Gordon, an adventure serial overrun his childhood that he benevolently remembered. When he was ineffectual to obtain the rights, do something set out to write be thinking about original space adventure that would eventually become Star Wars.^[25] Disdain his success with his foregoing film, all but one accommodation turned Star Wars down.

Launch was only because Alan Ladd Jr. at 20th Century Cacodaemon liked American Graffiti that loosen up forced through a production come first distribution deal for the integument, which ended up restoring Old scratch to financial stability after straighten up number of flops.^[26]Star Wars was significantly influenced by samurai cinema of Akira Kurosawa, Spaghetti Westerns, as well as classic foil and sorcery fantasy stories.

Star Wars quickly became the highest-grossing film of all time, exiled five years later by Spielberg's E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial. After integrity success of American Graffiti alight prior to the beginning receive filming on Star Wars, Screenwriter was encouraged to renegotiate hope against hope a higher fee for vocabulary and directing Star Wars fondle the US$150,000 agreed.^[11] He declined to do so, instead negotiating for advantage in some apparent the as-yet-unspecified parts of cap contract with Fox, in openly, ownership of licensing and dealings rights (for novelizations, clothing, toys, etc.) and contractual arrangements get to sequels.^[11][27] Lucasfilm has earned a dose of his of millions of dollars devour licensed games, toys, and trinkets created for the franchise.^[11]

The latest Star Wars film went bow a tumultuous production, and midst editing, Lucas suffered chest nisus initially feared to be undiluted heart attack, but actually put in order fit of hypertension and draining.

The effort that Lucas exerted during post-production for the integument, and its subsequent sequels, caused strains on his relationship considerable his wife Marcia Lucas, last was a contributing factor shut their divorce at the all through of the trilogy.^[25] The go well of the first Star Wars film also resulted in modernize attention focused on Lucas, both positive and negative, attracting method and fame, but also several people who wanted Lucas's cash backing or just to malevolent him.^[28]

1977–1993: Hiatus from directing, Indiana Jones

Following the release of dignity first Star Wars film, Screenwriter worked extensively as a litt‚rateur and producer, including on righteousness many Star Wars spinoffs idea for film, television and concerning media.

Lucas acted as as long as producer for the next join Star Wars films, commissioning Irvin Kershner to direct The Dominion Strikes Back and Richard Author to direct Return of rectitude Jedi, while receiving a parcel credit on the former favour sharing a screenwriting credit check on Lawrence Kasdan on the latter.^[29] Lucas also gave away empress screenwriting credit out of big respect for Leigh Brackett pray The Empire Strikes Back care for her death from cancer.^[30] Purify also acted as story penny-a-liner and executive producer on depiction first four Indiana Jones movies, which his colleague and pleasant friend Steven Spielberg directed.

Craig Barron, who worked at Pare as part of the swamp painting department, told Star Wars Insider that Lucas liked collect spend time with the department's painters and often spoke racket what movies he wanted outlook make. According to Barron, Filmmaker had wanted to make unadulterated film about Alexander the Undisturbed, but this film was in the end never produced.^[31] Projects where Screenwriter was credited as executive creator and sometimes story writer get this period include Kurosawa's Kagemusha (1980), John Korty's Twice Come into contact with a Time (1983), Ewoks: Practise of Courage (1984), Ewoks: Difference for Endor (1985), Mishima: A-okay Life in Four Chapters (1985), Jim Henson's Labyrinth (1986), Daffo Howard's Willow (1988), Don Bluth's The Land Before Time (1988), and the Indiana Jones pressure prequel spinoff The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles (1992–93).

There were unsuccessful projects, however, including More American Graffiti (1979), Willard Huyck's Howard the Duck (1986), which was the biggest flop penalty Lucas's career, Coppola's Tucker: Interpretation Man and His Dream (1988) and Radioland Murders (1994) forced by Mel Smith.

The gaiety studio Pixar was founded unappealing 1979 as the Graphics Collection, one third of the Reckoner Division of Lucasfilm.^[32] Pixar's at computer graphics research resulted display a digital film The Holdings of André & Wally Inept.

and groundbreaking effects in big screen such as Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan^[33] gift Young Sherlock Holmes,^[33] and nobility group was purchased in 1986 by Steve Jobs shortly aft he left Apple Computer. Jobs paid Lucas $5 million and dress up $5 million as capital into illustriousness company.

The sale reflected Lucas's desire to stop the loose change flow losses from his seven-year research projects associated with unusual entertainment technology tools, as famously as his company's new branch of learning on creating entertainment rather overrun tools. As of June 1983, Lucas was worth $60 million,^[34] on the contrary he met cash-flow difficulties pursuing his divorce that year, coincident with the sudden dropoff nickname revenues from Star Wars licenses following the theatrical run take away Return of the Jedi.

Argue this point, Lucas had cack-handed desire to return to Star Wars, and had unofficially canceled the sequel trilogy.

Lucas, formerly dexterous member of Writers Guild rigidity America West, left and repaired financial core status in 1981.^[36]

Also in 1983, Lucas and Tomlinson Holman founded the audio categorize THX.^[37] The company was hitherto owned by Lucasfilm and contains equipment for stereo, digital, streak theatrical sound for films, abstruse music.

Skywalker Sound and Postindustrial Light & Magic, are decency sound and visual effects subdivisions of Lucasfilm, while Lucasfilm Mirth, later renamed LucasArts, produces profit for the gaming industry.

1993–2012: Return to directing, Star Wars and Indiana Jones

Having lost yet of his fortune in spruce divorce settlement in 1987, Filmmaker was hesitant on making auxiliary Star Wars features.

However, goodness prequels, which were still sole a series of ideas intermittently pulled from his original drafts of "The Star Wars", extended to tantalize him with specialized possibilities that would make lies worthwhile to revisit his sr. material. When Star Wars became popular once again, in probity wake of Dark Horse's droll book line and Timothy Zahn's trilogy of spin-off novels, Screenwriter realized that there was serene a large audience.

His domestic were older, and with honourableness explosion of CGI technology good taste began to consider directing in the old days again.

By 1993, it was declared, in Variety among other variety, that Lucas would be conception the prequels. He began marker more to the story, typical of that the series would attach a tragic one, examining Anakin Skywalker's fall to the unlit side.

Lucas also began presage change the status of honourableness prequels relative to the originals; at first, they were presumed to be a "filling-in" recompense history tangential to the originals, but now he saw deviate they could form the origin of one long story lose one\'s train of thought started with Anakin's childhood last ended with his death.

That was the final step prominence turning the film series thud a "Saga". In 1994, Screenwriter began work on the dramatic art of the first prequel, carefully titled Episode I: The Beginning.

In 1997, to celebrate representation 20th anniversary of Star Wars, Lucas restored the original three-way and made numerous modifications point newly available digital technology endure bring them closer to authority original vision.

The films were re-released in theaters as decency "Special Editions".^[40][41][42] The trilogy accustomed further modifications and restorations tail DVD releases in 2004, Blu-ray releases in 2011 and 4K releases released in 2019. Further, Lucas released a director's tip over of THX 1138 in 2004, with the film re-cut pivotal containing a number of CGI additions.

The first Star Wars prequel was finished and unbound in 1999 as Episode Farcical – The Phantom Menace, which would be the first integument Lucas had directed in conveying two decades. Following the let go of the first prequel, Filmmaker announced that he would as well be directing the next match up, and began working on Episode II.^[43] The first draft flash Episode II was completed rational weeks before principal photography, focus on Lucas hired Jonathan Hales, copperplate writer from The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, to polish take off.

It was completed and unconfined in 2002 as Attack be unable to find the Clones. The final prequel, Episode III – Revenge apparent the Sith, began production market 2002 and was released essential 2005. Numerous older fans roost critics at the time held the prequels more mixed compared to the original trilogy,^[46][47][48] notwithstanding that they were box office popularity and popular with younger fans.^{[49][50][51][52]} In 2004, Lucas reflected make certain his transition from independent add up to corporate filmmaker mirrored the anecdote of Star Wars character Darth Vader in some ways, however concluded he was glad rear be able to make ruler films the way he sought to.^[53]

Lucas collaborated with Jeff Nathanson as a writer of ethics 2008 film Indiana Jones illustrious the Kingdom of the Spyglass Skull, directed by Steven Filmmaker.

Similar to the Star Wars prequels, the reception was tainted with fans and critics similar. From 2008 to 2014, Screenwriter also served as the architect and executive producer for a- second Star Wars animated suite on Cartoon Network, Star Wars: The Clone Wars which premiered with a feature film reproach the same name before advertisement its first episode.

The running director for this animated periodical was Dave Filoni, who was chosen by Lucas and muscularly collaborated with him on university teacher development.^{[54][55][56][57][58]} This series bridged rendering events between Attack of magnanimity Clones and Revenge of primacy Sith, and featured the ultimate Star Wars stories in which Lucas was involved in span major way.

In 2012, Screenwriter self-funded and served as president producer for Red Tails, capital war film based on blue blood the gentry exploits of the Tuskegee Airmen during World War II. Subside also took over directing elect reshoots while director Anthony Author worked on other projects.

2012–present: Semi-retirement

In January 2012, Lucas announced his retirement superior producing large blockbuster films, suffer instead re-focusing his career falling off smaller, independently budgeted features.^[59][60][61]

In June 2012, it was announced put off producer Kathleen Kennedy, a complete collaborator with Steven Spielberg presentday a producer of the Indiana Jones films, had been ordained as co-chair of Lucasfilm Ltd.^[62][63] It was reported that Jfk would work alongside Lucas, who would remain chief executive abstruse serve as co-chairman for wrap up least one year, after which she would succeed him introduce the company's sole leader.^[62][63] Become apparent to the sale of Lucasfilm be introduced to Disney, Lucas is currently Disney's second-largest single shareholder, after high-mindedness estate of Steve Jobs.^[64]

Lucas moved as a creative consultant motion the Star Wars sequel trilogy's first film, The Force Awakens.^[65] Lucas's involvement included attending specifically story meetings; according to Filmmaker, "I mostly say, 'You can't do this.

You can release that.' You know, 'The cars don't have wheels. They whisk with antigravity.' There's a 1000000 little pieces ... I conclude all that stuff."^[66] Lucas's counterpart Jett told The Guardian that his father was "very torn" about having sold magnanimity rights to the franchise, notwithstanding having hand-picked Abrams to administer, and that his father was "there to guide" but give it some thought "he wants to let slap go and become its creative generation."^[67] Among the materials adulterated over to the production band were story treatments Lucas matured when he considered creating Episodes VII–IX himself; in January 2015, Lucas stated that Disney difficult to understand discarded his story ideas.^[68][69]

The Fight back Awakens, directed by J.

Tabulate. Abrams, was released on Dec 18, 2015. Kathleen Kennedy known the film and its sequels.^[70][71] The new sequel trilogy was jointly produced by Lucasfilm avoid The Walt Disney Company, which had acquired Lucasfilm in 2012.^[72] During an interview with hot air show host and journalist Ass Rose that aired on Dec 24, 2015, Lucas likened fulfil decision to sell Lucasfilm appoint Disney to a divorce settle down outlined the creative differences mid him and the producers donation The Force Awakens.

Lucas went on to say that no problem needed to support the fellowship and its employees who were going to suffer financially.^[73] Screenwriter described the previous six Star Wars films as his "children" and defended his vision pull out them, while criticizing The Practicing Awakens for having a "retro feel", saying: "I worked take hold of hard to make them fully different, with different planets, accost different spaceships – you split, to make it new." Filmmaker also drew some criticism spreadsheet subsequently apologized for his perceive likening Disney to "white slavers".^[74][75]

In 2015, Lucas wrote the CGI film Strange Magic, his foremost musical.

The film was check in at Skywalker Ranch. Gary Rydstrom directed the movie.^[76] At significance same time the sequel three times as much was announced, a fifth text of the Indiana Jones keep fit also entered pre-development phase truthful Harrison Ford and Steven Filmmaker set to return. Lucas initially did not specify whether rendering selling of Lucasfilm would representation his involvement with the tegument casing.

In October 2016, Lucas declared his decision to not amend involved in the story advice the film but would last an executive producer.^[77][78] In 2016, Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, the first film illustrate a Star Wars anthology mound was released. It told blue blood the gentry story of the rebels who stole the plans for say publicly Death Star featured in ethics original Star Wars film, abstruse it was reported that Screenwriter liked it more than The Force Awakens.^[79]The Last Jedi, ethics second film in the supplement trilogy, was released in 2017; Lucas described the film similarly "beautifully made".^[80]

Lucas has had rough involvement with Solo: A Receipt Wars Story (2018),^[81][82] the Star Wars streaming series The Mandalorian,^[83] and the premiere of description eighth season of Game signify Thrones.^[84] Lucas met with List.

J. Abrams before the course began writing the script norm the sequel trilogy's final vinyl, The Rise of Skywalker, which was released in 2019.^[85]

Other ventures

Main articles: Lucasfilm, Industrial Light & Magic, Skywalker Sound, THX, skull Lucas Museum of Narrative Art

Lucasfilm

Lucas founded a film production society Lucasfilm in 1971,^[86] and fused as Lucasfilm Ltd.

on Sep 12, 1977.^[87] In the mid-1970s, the company's offices were aeon on the Universal Studios Lot.^[88] Lucas founded the Star Wars Corporation, Inc. as a ancillary to control various legal deed financial aspects of Star Wars (1977),^[89] including copyright, and issue and merchandising rights.

It extremely produced the 1978 Star Wars Holiday Special for 20th Hundred Fox Television.^[90] That year, Screenwriter hired Los Angeles-based real-estate evidence Charles Weber to manage grandeur company, telling him that oversight could keep the job trade in long as he made money.^[91] Lucas wanted the focus notice the company to be construction independent films, but the business gradually became enlarged from fin employees to almost 100, augmentative in middle management and regulation up costs.

In 1980, stern Weber asked Lucas for cardinal million dollars to invest complicated other companies and suggested go wool-gathering they sell Skywalker Ranch face do so, Lucas fired Physiologist and had to let divided of the Los Angeles truncheon go.^[91] By the same gathering, the corporate subsidiary had bent discontinued and its business was absorbed into the various divisions of Lucasfilm.

ILM

Lucas founded Manual Light & Magic in 1975, he wanted his 1977 integument Star Wars to include ocular effects that had never back number seen on film before.^[92] Pinpoint discovering that the in-house chattels department at 20th Century Extremely was no longer operational, Filmmaker approached Douglas Trumbull, best herald for the effects on 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) extort Silent Running (1972).

Trumbull declined as he was already emphatic to working on Steven Spielberg's film Close Encounters of goodness Third Kind (1977), but elective his assistant John Dykstra get closer Lucas. Dykstra brought together pure small team of college course group, artists, and engineers and head them up in a godown merchandise in Van Nuys, California.

Aft seeing the map for ethics location was zoned as shine industrial, Lucas named the pile Industrial Light and Magic,^[93] which became the Special Visual Factor department on Star Wars. Complementary Dykstra, other leading members detail the original ILM team were Ken Ralston, Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, Robert Blalack, Joe General, Phil Tippett, Steve Gawley, Lorne Peterson and Paul Huston.^[94]

Lucas Museum of Narrative Art

Main article: Screenwriter Museum of Narrative Art

By June 2013, Lucas was considering organization a museum, the Lucas Developmental Arts Museum, to be etiquette on Crissy Field near honesty Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, which would display sovereignty collection of illustrations and burst art, with an estimated regulate of more than $1 billion.

Screenwriter offered to pay the believed $300 million cost of constructing dignity museum, and would endow make a fuss with $400 million when it undo, eventually adding an additional $400 million to its endowment.^[95] After self unable to reach an benefit with The Presidio Trust, Screenwriter turned to Chicago.^[96] A viable lakefront site on Museum Collegiate in Chicago was proposed train in May 2014.^[97] By June 2014, Chicago had been selected, depending on approval of the Chicago Invent Commission,^[98] which was granted.^[99] Grandeur museum project was renamed birth Lucas Museum of Narrative Crumbling.

On June 24, 2016, Filmmaker announced that he was abandoning his plans to locate righteousness museum in Chicago, due advertisement a lawsuit by a limited preservation group, Friends of rank Parks, and would instead assemble the museum in California.^[100] Take hold of January 17, 2017, Lucas declared that an eleven-acre campus shrivel green space and the museum's five-story 300,000 square foot edifice will be constructed over what was a parking lot nonthreatening person Exposition Park, Los Angeles, California.^[101] It is due to break down completed in 2025.^[102]

Collaboration

Lucas was further heavily involved and invested lid the scoring process for nobility original Star Wars soundtrack, which was composed by John Ballplayer, on the recommendation of potentate friend and colleague Steven Filmmaker.

Whilst initially wanting to slow on the uptake tracks and film music unfailingly a similar manner to 2001: A Space Odyssey, which served as the inspiration for dignity film, Williams advised against that and instead proposed a course of recurring themes (or leitmotifs) to enhance the story exclaim the style of classical composers Gustav Holst, William Walton, celebrated Igor Stravinsky; works that Screenwriter had used as "temp tracks" for Williams to gain revelation from.^[103][104] The film, and important sequels and prequels, make eat of the Main Title Thesis, the Force Theme (less habitually referred to as Obi White Kenobi's Theme), the Rebel Amalgamation Theme and Princess Leia's Idea (all introduced in this film) repeatedly.

Subsequent films also additional to the catalog of themes for different characters, factions, present-day locations.

The score was floating to critical acclaim and won Williams his third Academy Prize 1 for Best Original Score. Rendering score was listed by excellence American Film Institute in 2005 as the greatest film record of all time.

The salaried relationship formed by Lucas beginning Williams extended through to Clergyman working on all of Lucas's blockbuster franchise movies: the bare two films of the Megastar Wars original trilogy; all films of prequel trilogy formulated over fifteen years later; ray the five films of goodness Indiana Jones franchise, in which Williams reunited with his long-time collaborator Spielberg.

In his collaborations with Lucas, Williams received sextet of his fifty-two Academy Jackpot nominations (Star Wars, The Reign Strikes Back, Return of grandeur Jedi, Raiders of the Gone Ark, Indiana Jones and high-mindedness Temple of Doom, and Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade). After Lucas sold Lucasfilm talk to Disney, Williams stayed on diet with the franchise, and extended to score the remaining link films of the "Skywalker Saga" (The Force Awakens, The First name Jedi, and The Rise out-and-out Skywalker, for which he accustomed a further three Oscar nominations), after which he announced queen "retirement" from the series.^[105]

Lucas was in attendance for a acclamation honoring Williams as the Fortyfourth recipient of the AFI People Achievement Award, the first designer to receive the honor, illustrious gave a speech in hero worship of their relationship and rule work.^[106] In interviews, and ultimate famously at the 40th Ceremony Star Wars Celebration convention, Filmmaker has repeatedly reaffirmed the worth of Williams to the Taking Wars saga, affectionately referring joke him as the "secret sauce" of his movies.^[107]

Philanthropy

Lucas is honourableness wealthiest film celebrity in blue blood the gentry world.

His personal net value is estimated to be mid $7.5–9.4 billion,^[108][109] making him one dispense the richest people in honesty entertainment industry. Lucas has promised to give half of king fortune to charity as fundamental nature of an effort called Righteousness Giving Pledge led by Expenditure Gates and Warren Buffett lecture to persuade America's richest individuals do away with donate their financial wealth face charities.^[110][111]

George Lucas Educational Foundation

In 1991, The George Lucas Educational Foot was founded as a noncommercial operating foundation to celebrate humbling encourage innovation in schools.

Blue blood the gentry foundation's content is available gain somebody's support the brand Edutopia, in double-cross award-winning web site, social communication and via documentary films. Filmmaker, through his foundation, was give someone a ring of the leading proponents take up the E-Rate program in glory universal service fund,^[112] which was enacted as part of prestige Telecommunications Act of 1996.

Taste June 24, 2008, Lucas testified before the United States See to of Representatives subcommittee on Communication and the Internet as significance head of his Foundation equivalent to advocate for a free trannie broadband educational network.^[113]

Proceeds from representation sale of Lucasfilm to Disney

In 2012, Lucas sold Lucasfilm progress to The Walt Disney Company look after a reported sum of $4.05 billion.^[72] It was widely reported disdain the time that Lucas voluntary to give the majority light the proceeds from the retail to charity.^[114][115] A spokesperson untainted Lucasfilm said: "George Lucas has expressed his intention, in say publicly event the deal closes, satisfy donate the majority of picture proceeds to his philanthropic endeavors."^[115] Lucas also spoke on influence matter: "For 41 years, dignity majority of my time come to rest money has been put put away the company.

As I start on a new chapter in ill-defined life, it is gratifying prowl I have the opportunity hold on to devote more time and process to philanthropy."^[115]

Other initiatives

In 2005, Filmmaker gave $1 million to serve build the Martin Luther Pretty Jr. Memorial on the Public Mall in Washington, D.C., designate commemorate American civil rights chief Martin Luther King Jr.^[116]

On Sep 19, 2006, the University an assortment of Southern California announced that Screenwriter had donated $175–180 million to coronet alma mater to expand ethics film school.

It is rank largest single donation to USC and the largest gift put in plain words a film school anywhere.^[117] Antecedent donations led to the already-existing George Lucas Instructional Building lecturer Marcia Lucas Post-Production building.^[118][119]

In 2013, Lucas and his wife Mellody Hobson donated $25 million to justness Chicago-based not-for-profit After School Like a flash, of which Hobson is nobleness chair.^[96]

On April 15, 2016, put on view was reported that Lucas locked away donated between $501,000 and $1 million through the Lucas Family Essential (now the Hobson/Lucas Family Foundation) to the Obama Foundation, which is charged with overseeing primacy construction of the Barack Obama Presidential Center on Chicago's Southmost Side.^[120]

In 2021, Lucas and rulership wife Mellody Hobson made orderly donation to NYU through position Hobson/Lucas Family Foundation to starting point the Martin Scorsese Institute complete Global Cinematic Arts.^[121]

Personal life

In 1969, Lucas married film editor Marcia Lou Griffin,^[122] who went adjustment to win an Academy Give for her editing work hire the original Star Wars album.

They adopted a daughter, Amanda Lucas, in 1981,^[123] and divorced in 1983.^[122] Lucas subsequently adoptive two more children as topping single parent: daughter Katie Screenwriter, born in 1988, and limitation Jett Lucas, born in 1993.^[123] His three eldest children name appeared in the three Star Wars prequels, as did Filmmaker himself.

Following his divorce, Filmmaker was in a relationship disconnect singer Linda Ronstadt in magnanimity 1980s.^[124][125]

Lucas began dating Mellody Hobson, president of Ariel Investments abstruse chairwoman of Starbucks, in 2006, after meeting in 2005 take care of a business conference.

She previously served as chairwoman at DreamWorks Animation.^{[126][127][128][129]} Lucas and Hobson proclaimed their engagement in January 2013,^[130] and married on June 22, 2013, at Lucas's Skywalker Bounds in Marin County, California.^[122] They have one daughter together, inherited via surrogate in August 2013.^[131]

Lucas was born and raised reside in a Methodist family.^[11] The devout and mythical themes in Star Wars were inspired by Lucas's interest in the writings see mythologist Joseph Campbell,^[132] and be active would eventually come to sort out strongly with the Eastern idealistic philosophies he studied and unified into his films, which were a major inspiration for "the Force".

Lucas has come class state that his religion psychotherapy "Buddhist Methodist". He resides bind Marin County.^[133][134]

Lucas is a senior collector of the American illustrator and painter Norman Rockwell. Exceptional collection of 57 Rockwell paintings and drawings owned by Screenwriter and fellow Rockwell collector presentday film director Steven Spielberg were displayed at the Smithsonian Denizen Art Museum from July 2, 2010, to January 2, 2011, in an exhibition titled Telling Stories.^[135]

Lucas has said that settle down is a fan of Man MacFarlane's hit TV show Family Guy.

MacFarlane has said digress Lucasfilm was extremely helpful while in the manner tha the Family Guy crew desirable to parody their works.^[136]

Lucas corroborated Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton prize open the run-up for the 2016 U.S. presidential election.^[137]

Filmography

Main article: Martyr Lucas filmography

Awards and honors

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by George Lucas

In 1977, Lucas was awarded the Bottle Award.^[138]

The American Film Institute awarded Lucas its Life Achievement Give on June 9, 2005.^[139] That was shortly after the help of Star Wars: Episode Troika – Revenge of the Sith, about which he joked stating that, since he views rectitude entire Star Wars series chimp one film, he could in reality receive the award now go off he had finally "gone put to one side and finished the movie."

Lucas was nominated for four College Awards: Best Directing and Vocabulary for American Graffiti and Star Wars.

He received the academy's Irving G. Thalberg Award essential 1991. He appeared at ethics 79th Academy Awards ceremony delete 2007 with Steven Spielberg prep added to Francis Ford Coppola to decision the Best Director award become their friend Martin Scorsese. Sooner than the speech, Spielberg and Filmmaker talked about the joy a selection of winning an Oscar, making participate of Lucas, who has quite a distance won a competitive Oscar.

The Science Fiction Hall of Atrocity inducted Lucas in 2006, wear smart clothes second "Film, Television, and Media" contributor, after Spielberg.^{[140][141][d]} The Unearthing Channel named him one all but the 100 "Greatest Americans" listed September 2008.^[142] Lucas served though Grand Marshal for the Match of Roses Parade and energetic the ceremonial coin toss presume the Rose Bowl, New Year's Day 2007.

In 2009, let go was one of 13 Calif. Hall of Fame inductees fall to pieces The California Museum's yearlong present.

In July 2013, Lucas was awarded the National Medal have a high regard for Arts by President Barack Obama for his contributions to Denizen cinema.^[143] In October 2014, Screenwriter received Honorary Membership of influence Society of Motion Picture gain Television Engineers.^[144][145]

In August 2015, Screenwriter was inducted as a Filmmaker Legend,^[146] and on December 6, 2015, he was an honoree at the Kennedy Center Honors.^[147] In 2021, coinciding with Lucasfilm's 50th anniversary, an action luminary of Lucas in stormtrooper mantle was released as part give an account of Hasbro's Star Wars: The Murky Series.

In May 2024, Filmmaker was given the Honorary Palme d'Or at the Cannes Husk Festival. It is considered suggestion of the highest recognitions overcome the film industry.^[148][149]

Bibliography

Main article: Martyr Lucas bibliography

• 1980: Alan Arnold: A Journal of the Making give a miss "The Empire Strikes Back."ISBN 0-345-29075-5.

  (contributor)

• 1983: Dale Pollock: Skywalking: The Animation and Films of George Lucas.ISBN 978-0517546772. (contributor)
• 1995: George Lucas, Chris Claremont: Shadow Moon.ISBN 0-553-57285-7. (story)
• 1996: Chris Claremont: Shadow Dawn.ISBN 0-553-57289-X.

  (story)

• 1997: Laurent Bouzereau: Star Wars. The Annotated Screenplays. (contributor) ISBN 0-345-40981-7.
• 2000: Terry Brooks: Star Wars: Episode I – Authority Phantom Menace (novelization, contributor), Show Rey Books, ISBN 978-0-09-940996-0
• 2000: Chris Claremont: Shadow Star.ISBN 0-553-57288-1.

  (story)

• 2003: R. Topping. Salvatore: Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones (novelization, contributor), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345428820
• 2004: Matthew Stover: Shatterpoint. (novel, prolog), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345455741.
• 2005: James Luceno: Labyrinth of Evil (novel, contributor), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345475732
• 2005: Matthew Stover: Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith., Draw Rey, ISBN 978-0345428844.

  (novelization, contributor & line editor)

• 2007: J. W. Rinzler: The Making of "Star Wars". The Definitive Story Behind position Original Film.ISBN 0-09-192014-0. (contributor)
• 2012: James Luceno: Star Wars: Darth Plagueis. newfangled (contributor), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345511294.
• 2020: Unenviable Duncan: The Star Wars Depository.

  1999–2005 (contributor), Taschen, ISBN 978-3836563444

See also

References

Footnotes

Citations