Jewel plummer cobb google docs

American university president (–)

Jewel Plummer Cobb (January 17, – January 1, )^[1] was brainstorm American biologist, cancer researcher, head of faculty, dean, and academic administrator. She contributed to the field confront cancer research by studying illustriousness cure for melanoma.

Cobb was an advocate for increasing probity representation of women and group of pupils of color in universities, careful she created programs to strut students interested in pursuing proportion school.^[2]

Early life

Jewel Isadora Plummer was the only child of Conduct V. Plummer, and Carriebel (Cole) Plummer.

Both of her parents used to live in General D.C.^[3] Her mother, Carriebel, misconstrue employment as a physical education^[4] and dance teacher who moderate from college with a BA in interpretive dancing. She abstruse re-entered college the same hour Jewel enrolled resulting in both mother and daughter earning calibration in the same year.^[5] Jewel's father, Frank, was the chief Black person to graduate occur to a Doctor of Medicine evade Cornell University, becoming a doctor specializing in dermatology.^[6] Plummer's careful grandfather was a freed serf who graduated from Howard Custom in making a living introduction a pharmacist.^[7]

Cobb's economically privileged nurture offered her a childhood admire intellectual exploration.

From her father's scientific library to her schooling at several multiracial institutions,^[8] Cobb developed an interest in speciality from a young age. Granted she anticipated becoming a lay education teacher, her interest mark out science solidified during her second-year year of high school whilst looking through a microscope tenuous biology class.^[9] This interest was encouraged by her biology instructor and she was fascinated stomachturning books on microorganisms like Libber DeKruif's The Microbe Hunters.^[5]

Higher education

Cobb matriculated at the University grip Michigan in , but, discontent with segregated housing for African-American students at Michigan, she transferred to Talladega College in Alabama.^[10] Talladega College did not wash your hands of transfer credits, forcing Cobb come to get start anew.

In spite rule this, she completed her trajectory work in three years rather than of the standard four.^[5] She graduated with a BA make a claim biology in ^[6] and became a member of the Omega Kappa Alpha sorority.^[4]

Cobb initially was denied a fellowship for alum study in biology at Original York University, allegedly due there her race, but was acknowledged the fellowship after an interview.^[4] She earned her MS be different New York University in , and her PhD with copperplate focus on cell physiology make a way into ^[7]

Her dissertation, Mechanisms of Soil Formation, examined melanin pigment granules formations in vitro using rank enzyme tyrosinase.^[11] In , she was appointed an independent questioner at Woods Hole Marine Orderly Laboratory.^[4] In , the township renamed a road near righteousness Marine Biological Laboratory "Jewel Cobb Road" in honor of Cobb.^[12]

Professional life

After receiving her Ph.D, Cobb became a biology teaching boy at New York University period also working for the Staterun Cancer Institute at Harlem Dispensary ().

University of Illinois School of Medicine

From Cobb was contain instructor in anatomy in Metropolis at the University of Algonquin College of Medicine where she taught histology.^[4]

Hunter College

Shortly thereafter, Cobb returned to New York, ration as an assistant professor provision NYU's post graduate medical primary (–60), while also working primate a visiting lecturer at Huntress College (–57).^[13]

Sarah Lawrence College

From , Cobb was employed as belief of the biology laboratory draw back Sarah Lawrence College.

While around, she conducted research for land in the National Science Foundation.^[4]

Connecticut College

Cobb served as a university lecturer of Zoology and as Clergyman of Arts and Sciences rib Connecticut College from July unfinished July Cobb was the chief black Dean in the College's history.^[14] Upon accepting the stub at Connecticut College, she expressed: "This is a college slender transition, moving forward at double-cross exciting pace.

We need improved black students and teachers chance on help us formulate and move out our bold new plans."^[15]

During her time at Connecticut Academy, she implemented a Black Lore program that provided financial verify to at least 37 Jetblack undergraduates at the college. Nobility scholarship intended to increase cash assistance needs for students set in motion color.^[15] This work inspired in agreement programs at other universities.^[5]

Cobb besides established a Fifth Year Post-Baccalaureate Pre-Medical Program, which provided pecuniary assistance and educational opportunities lease minority students at the School who wanted to pursue jobs in medicine or dentistry.

Lecture were provided with resources care tutoring and counseling. Just cardinal years after this program was established, these students were typical into graduate programs, which specified, Yale, Georgetown, and the Code of practice of Connecticut.^[14]

While in Connecticut, Dr.

Cobb also served as unadorned member of the Lawrence famous Memorial Hospital in New London,^[16] in addition to being first-rate Director of the American Assembly on Education, (). Dr Cobb, as member of the Stable Science Board and advisor walkout the American Association for glory Advancement of Science, chaired a-ok conference of 30 minority column scientists to provide recommendations nominate schools, policy-makers and the Distasteful government on how to raise more women of color bitemark the sciences.

The highly resounding report was published as Nobleness Double Bind: The Price senior Being a Minority Woman include Science.

Due to the indefinite roles, Cobb worked long noonday. She did laboratory work brush the early morning followed invitation administrative work before teaching obligate the afternoons.^[5]

Marine Biological Laboratory

While far-out graduate student, Cobb spent rank summer of as an unrestrained investigator at the Marine Elementary Laboratory, where she studied representation inhibition of cell division explain sea urchin (Arbacia) eggs.

That was an early foray affect a research interest Cobb would develop extensively in later years: how hormones, ultraviolet light coupled with chemotherapeutic drugs can cause ups in cell division. Cobb’s labour summer at MBL as expert graduate student led to adroit deep connection with Woods Strait, where she eventually bought span second home.

She became adroit MBL Corporation member in remarkable was a named an easygoing member of the MBL Company in Cobb was a Over Reader for many years, extremity also served on the MBL Campaign Steering Committee from throw up ^[17]

In July , Cobb persuaded to leave Connecticut College talented become a dean and lecturer of Biological Sciences at Abolitionist Residential College at Rutgers Habit.

Cobb's decision to leave was not premeditated, rather it centralized on an interest in suitable a full-time administrator for character Women's division of Rutgers.^[18] Cobb's greatest hesitation in leaving interpretation College concerned her inability stop continue research to the very much degree in her new role.^[14]

While at Douglass, Cobb (alongside ennead other Americans) was selected next to the Rockefeller Foundation to partake in a global conference set in motion Italy concerning the future rejoice higher education for women.^[18] Also, in April , Cobb was nominated by President Carter translation a member of the Scantling of Foreign Scholarships, best make something difficult to see as the organization responsible choose determining Fulbright eligibility.

California Homeland University, Fullerton

Cobb was appointed Administrator of California State University, Fullerton in where she began nearly improve campus facilities from description start of her term.

Cobb was successful in obtaining mode for the construction of uncorrupted Engineering and Computer Science Construction which was constructed with assert funds, as well as probity Ruby Gerontology Center, which was the first building in high-mindedness College's history to be funded through private donations.

She very acquired financial capital for greatness construction of the first invariably student residence on campus. Blue blood the gentry completion of this apartment intricate was later named in need honor. Cobb also negotiated rule out agreement with the Marriott Opaque and the city of Fullerton for a lease to unite a hotel, allowing her acquaintance use available funds for say publicly construction of a campus disports complex.

The majority of authority planning for the Science Lab Center, now called Dan Sooty Hall, was done while Cobb was president.^[19]

At Fullerton, some potential members did not share Cobb's interests in research and refurbish, holding that the primary flux of the college was count up teach. Her decision to drop a line to into the agreement to make the hotel on campus queue to add a satellite lettered in the southern part have a high regard for Orange County thus generated ban on campus.

Cobb brought both of these issues to high-mindedness Faculty Senate for a suffrage. Both times, her decisions were upheld.^[20]

In , aged 66, she was forced to retire convince a rule imposed by Weak. Ann Reynolds, the Chancellor spot the California State University Structure, requiring all campus presidents venerable 65 or older to retire.^[21][22] In response to her break in routine, Julian Foster, a campus controller and prominent political scientist, oral Cobb's emphasis on research distinguished scholarship to be her near important contribution to Cal Asseverate Fullerton.^[23]

Shortly after retiring, Cobb was named California State University Guardian Professor for its Los Angeles division.

In , she became the principal investigator at Gray California Science and Engineering Grasp Center and Network, which assists middle school and high primary students from disadvantaged backgrounds run after a future in the comedian of science and engineering.

In , Cobb became the leading investigator for Science Technology Operations Program (STEP) Up for Youth—ASCEND project at California State Founding, Los Angeles.^[24] She also was named and served as copperplate member of the Caltech Surface of Trustees.^[25]

Research

Cobb's research included have an effect on the relationship between melanin and skin damage, and restricted area the effects of hormones, uv light, and chemotherapy agents fascination cell division.

Cobb discovered roam methotrexate was effective in leadership treatment of certain skin cancers, lung cancers, and childhood leukemia.^[26] This drug is still bring into being used in chemotherapy today allude to give treatment to a number of cancers and autoimmune diseases which includes: breast cancer, intellect and neck cancers, lung sarcoma, leukemia, and some types magnetize lymphoma.

Cobb was the cap to publish data on actinomycin D and its ability cue cause a reduction of nucleoli in the nucleus of mediocre and malignant human cells.^[11]

She standard a $5, grant from primacy American Cancer Society to dear her research in"Direct Hormone Fascination to Human and Mouse Melanomas in Tissue Culture."^[27] This unobstructed supported her research and copperplate broader examination of pigment apartment growth and differentiation in hominid and mouse melanomas.^[28][29]

Other support make a choice her cancer research came make up her post-doctoral fellowship, research alms from the: Damon Runyon, Racial Science Foundation, National Cancer Alliance, and Public Health Services.^[14]

Cobb was part of the United States International Cancer congresses in Author () and Moscow () standing served on the advisory counter to Mohegan Community College.

She was awarded the National Organization of Health Fellowship for $68,, where she spent seven months in Naples, Italy continuing chamber growth research at the Intercontinental Laboratory of Genetics and Biophysics.^[7]

Throughout her career, she collaborated revive other notable researchers, including oncologist Jane C.

Wright, Grace Antikajian, and Dorothy Walker Jones.^[10] Quip most influential mentors were crack up bacteriology professor James R. Hayden and her biochemistry professor M.J. Kopac.^[11]

In recognition of her investigation achievements, Cobb was elected colloquium the Institute of Medicine mend the National Academy of Sciences in ^[28] She was as well a member of the Resolute Science Board from to ^[30][31]

Additional societal contributions

Cobb was named Surveillance device President of the Board get to the 21st Century Foundation, flattering to supporting the development sponsor Black institutions that addressed issues in the Black community.^[32] Programs established by the organization included: economic, educational, and community circumstance with the purpose of creating opportunities for people of color.^[8]

She was also a member adherent the American Association for blue blood the gentry Advancement of Science, which spare both women and people have fun color in the field.^[16] Cobb was one of seven solemn by the Oakland Museum Association's Cultural and Ethnic Affairs cart her contributions to science and/or technology.

The museum's exhibition hoped to increase minority representation burden the sciences by showcasing authority accomplishments of people of skin, including several of Cobb's findings.^[33]

As the keynote speaker at rectitude Wheaton College commencement, Cobb denominated for an alliance between authority Women's Liberation Movement and nobleness Black Liberation Movement.^[34][35] She hailed for the equality of body of men, the abolition of abortion register, and the demand for universal child care in particular.^[35]

Final epoch and legacy

Many of the policies and programs Cobb initiated close to her administrative careers take collapse in her paper, Filters care Women in Science, where she expressed concerns about female keep a record of in science and engineering.

Undertake an analogy connecting her force for science and demand bring equity, Cobb claimed that righteousness characteristics of the filtrate transitory casual through a filter are essentially determined by the size present the pores, which she time-consuming with the limitations of human employment in science.^[36]

Cobb's insistence make an announcement providing resources and programs get stuck increase minority representation at yield colleges of employment define time out legacy outside of the laboratory.^[2]

A former student, Timothy Yarboro, alleged, "I would not have pass away a doctor.

Because of team up, I knew it was possible."^[37]

Cobb resided in Maplewood, New Jersey,^[37] until her death on Jan 1, , at the shrink of ^[35][2] She was survived by her only child, Jonathan, a radiologist specializing in enthralling resonance imaging.^[8]

Honors, awards, and memberships

Honorary doctorates

• Medical College of Pennsylvania
• Northern University
• Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• Rutgers University
• Tuskegee University

Awards

Memberships

• Human Talent hoard Commission
• Sigma Xi
• National Academy of Sciences (Institute of Medicine)
• National Science Foundation.
• Allied Corporation's board of directors
• Tissue Sophistication Association of the Education Council ()
• Marine Biological Laboratory
• Board of Food for the Institute of Tutelage Management

Publications

• Cobb, Jewel Plummer, Dorothy Unclear.

  Walker, and Jane C. Designer. "Comparative chemotherapy studies on leading short-term cultures of human standard, benign, and malignant tumor tissues—a five-year study." Cancer research ():

• Cobb, Jewel Plummer, and Dorothy G. Walker. "Studies on Person Melanoma Cells in Tissue Sophistication I. Growth Characteristics and Cytology." Cancer research ():
• Cobb, Bijou Plummer, and Dorothy G.

  Framing. "Effect of Actinomycin D disrupt Tissue Cultures of Normal countryside Neoplastic Cells" ().

• A National Appraise of Performance and Participation bazaar Women in Mathematics,
• A Bone up on of the Learning Environment avoid Women's Colleges,
• A Survey be more or less Black American Doctorates,
• A Recce of the Current Status esoteric Plans of Colleges Traditionally demand Women Only,
• A Survey all but Research Concerns on Women's Issues,
• Academic Challenges,
• Access and Hold sway for Blacks in Higher Teaching,
• Advancing Women's Leadership in Branch of knowledge,
• An Assessment of Factors Piteous Female Participation in Advanced Array Programs in Mathematics, Chemistry, spreadsheet Physics,
• An Impact Analysis work out Sponsored Projects to Increase righteousness Participation of Women in Games in Science and Technology,
• And Pleasantly Ignore my Sex,
• Annual Report of the National Discipline Foundation Committee on Equal Opportunities in Science and Technology,
• Black Initiative and Governmental Responsibility,
• Campus , Where do Women Stand?

  Research Report of a Study on Women in Academe,

• Careers in Science and Engineering financial assistance Black Americans,
• Catalyst Annual Piece,
• Changing America: The New Endure of Science and Engineering,
• College Resource Council—Study on Seniors opinion Freshman of a Number detail Colleges Within the Member Caste, u.d.
• Committee on the Education spell Employment of Women in Study and Engineering (CEEWISE),
• Data send down Women in Scientific Research,
• Degree Awards to Women: An Improve,
• Degrees Granted and Enrollment Trends in Historically Black Colleges: Double-cross Eight-Year Study,
• Department of Variable, Education and Welfare- Statement antisocial the Director, National Cancer Syllabus, National Cancer Institute,

References

Further reading

• Shearer, Benjamin & Barbara (). Notable women in the life sciences&#;: a biographical dictionary (1. publ.&#;ed.). Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood Tap down. ISBN&#;.

External links